יש לקרוא את שני הטקסטים ולענות על השאלות באנגלית. אפשר לענות במילים שלך, אלא אם השאלה מבקשת להעתיק מהטקסט. על טעויות בדקדוק או בכתיב לא מורידים נקודות.
Read the two texts and answer the questions in English. Answer in your own words if the question does not ask for words from the text. Points are not taken off for mistakes in grammar or spelling.
Text 1: 42.195 Kilometres
The marathon is one of the most famous races in the world. Its
name comes from an old Greek story. In 490 BCE, a messenger ran all
the way from the town of Marathon to Athens to bring news of a great
victory. When he arrived, he gave the news and then fell to the
ground.
The first modern Olympic Games, in Athens in 1896, included a long
race to remember this story. It was about 40 kilometres long. At the
1908 Olympics in London, the route started at Windsor Castle, and it
was 42.195 kilometres long. A few years later, this became the
official distance.
Today, hundreds of marathons take place every year in cities all
over the world, and many of them are open to everyone. Most runners
are not professional athletes. They run to raise money for charity, to
stay healthy or simply to prove to themselves that they can do it.
Running a marathon is not easy. Experts say that beginners should
train for at least four to six months. They should drink enough water,
eat well and rest between training days. On the big day, the most
important rule is: do not start too fast!
Text 2: Why Do We Laugh?
Everybody laughs – people of every age, in every country and every
culture. Babies start laughing when they are only a few months old,
long before they can speak. But why do we do it?
You might think that we laugh mostly at jokes. In fact, scientists
who studied people's everyday conversations discovered that this is
not true. Most laughter comes after ordinary sentences, like "See you
later!" or "I know what you mean." Laughter is mainly a way to connect
with other people. It tells them, "I like you, and we are friends."
This is also why we laugh much more when we are with others than
when we are alone. And laughter is contagious: when you hear someone
laughing, it is very hard not to start laughing too. That is why some
TV comedy shows add the sound of people laughing.
Laughing is also good for us. It can lower stress, relax our
muscles and help us feel closer to friends and family. Some animals
laugh too. Chimpanzees make a laughing sound when they play, and
scientists have found that even rats make happy sounds when people
tickle them.
Exercices
Text 1 — Questions 1–8
Exercice 1
According to the old Greek story, the messenger ran to Athens in order to ___. Choose the correct answer. (Text 1, lines 1–4)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : B bring news of a victory
Exercice 2
What happened to the messenger when he arrived in Athens? (Text 1, lines 4–5)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|He gave the news and then fell to the ground.}}
Exercice 3
Complete the time line. (Text 1, lines 2–10)
Columns: Year | What happened
490 BCE — ___
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|a messenger ran from Marathon to Athens with news of a victory}}
Exercice 4
Complete the time line. (Text 1, lines 2–10)
Columns: Year | What happened
1896 — ___
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|the first modern Olympic Games in Athens included a long race of about 40 km}}
Exercice 5
Complete the time line. (Text 1, lines 2–10)
Columns: Year | What happened
1908 — ___
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|at the London Olympics the route started at Windsor Castle and was 42.195 km long}}
Exercice 6
The distance of 42.195 kilometres ___. Choose the correct answer. (Text 1, lines 8–10)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : C became the official distance a few years after 1908
Exercice 7
Only professional athletes can run in marathons.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : Faux · “many of them are open to everyone”
Exercice 8
Most marathon runners are not professional athletes.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : Vrai · “Most runners are not professional athletes”
Exercice 9
Give TWO reasons why people run marathons. (Text 1, lines 13–14)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|Any one of: to raise money for charity; to stay healthy; to prove to themselves that they can do it; Another one of the list.}}
Exercice 10
Complete the sentences. (Text 1, lines 15–17)
Beginners should train for at least ___.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|four to six months}}
Exercice 11
Complete the sentences. (Text 1, lines 15–17)
They should drink enough water, eat well and ___.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|rest between training days}}
Exercice 12
According to the text, what is the most important rule on the day of the race? Choose the correct answer. (Text 1, lines 17–18)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : D Do not start too fast.
Text 2 — Questions 9–15
Exercice 13
What do we learn about babies? Choose the correct answer. (Text 2, lines 2–3)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : B They laugh before they can speak.
Exercice 14
What did scientists discover when they studied people's everyday conversations? (Text 2, lines 4–7)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|Most laughter does not come after jokes, but after ordinary sentences (like "See you later!").}}
Exercice 15
According to the text, laughter is mainly ___. Choose the correct answer. (Text 2, lines 7–8)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : A a way to connect with other people
Exercice 16
Complete the sentence. (Text 2, lines 9–10)
We laugh much more when ___ than when ___.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|we are with others; we are alone.}}
Exercice 17
The text says that laughter is "contagious." (Text 2, lines 10–12)
What does this mean?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|When you hear someone laughing, it is very hard not to start laughing too.}}
Exercice 18
The text says that laughter is "contagious." (Text 2, lines 10–12)
How do some TV comedy shows use this fact?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|They add the sound of people laughing (so the viewers will laugh too).}}
Exercice 19
Give TWO ways in which laughing is good for us. (Text 2, lines 13–14)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|Any one of: it can lower stress; it relaxes our muscles; it helps us feel closer to friends and family; Another one of the list.}}
Exercice 20
Why does the writer mention chimpanzees and rats? Choose the correct answer. (Text 2, lines 14–17)
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : D To show that people are not the only ones who laugh.