איך היית מרגיש/ה אם השכונה שלך הייתה מתמלאת בתיירים כל יום, כל הקיץ?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
תיירות מביאה כסף ועבודה, אבל בערים מסוימות התושבים אומרים שהגיע הזמן לעצור. במודול G קוראים שני מאמרי דעה על אותו נושא. הראשון כתוב בידי מורה מברצלונה.
Nouveaux mots
bakery — מאפייה. holiday rental — השכרה לתיירים. renew — לחדש. souvenir — מזכרת. magnet — מגנט. reshape — לעצב מחדש. licence — רישיון. overdue — מאחר, היה צריך לקרות מזמן. seasonal — עונתי. dismiss — לבטל, לזלזל ב־. fragile — שביר. theme park — פארק שעשועים. scenery — תפאורה, נוף. hostility — עוינות. Barcelona — ברצלונה. Venice — ונציה. Amsterdam — אמסטרדם.
אסטרטגיה למבחן: במאמר דעה, המשפט "Let me be clear" או "I am not against…" מראה שהכותבת עונה מראש למי שחולק עליה. כדאי לסמן אותו: שאלות רבות שואלות מה הכותבת חושבת, ומה היא לא חושבת.
By Marta Vidal, a teacher who has lived in Barcelona all her life.
Every morning, on my way to work, I used to pass a bakery that had sold bread to my grandmother. Last spring it closed, and a shop selling souvenir magnets opened in its place. Nobody in my neighbourhood buys magnets. That small change sums up what has happened to many of Europe's most beautiful cities: little by little, they are being reshaped for people who stay for three days and then leave.
Let me be clear: I am not against tourists. My own family travels, and I love showing visitors the city where I was born. The problem is not tourism itself but its scale. Barcelona is home to about 1.6 million people, yet it receives millions of visitors every year, most of them in the same few neighbourhoods during the same summer months. On some streets in the old city, it is now hard to find a resident at all.
The most serious damage is to housing. When an apartment can earn more from holiday rentals than from a family that pays rent every month, owners make the obvious choice. Rents rise, young people move to the suburbs, and neighbours are replaced by strangers with suitcases. In 2024, the city announced that it would stop renewing licences for tourist apartments by 2028. Many people outside Barcelona called this extreme. To those of us who cannot afford to live in the city where we grew up, it seemed overdue.
Barcelona is not alone. In 2024, Venice began charging some day visitors an entrance fee, and Amsterdam stopped approving new hotels. Critics call these measures unfriendly, even selfish. I see them as an attempt to keep cities alive as places where people live, not only places that people visit.
The usual reply is that tourism creates jobs. It does, and I do not dismiss that. But many of those jobs are seasonal and badly paid, and a large share of the profits goes to international companies rather than to local families. An economy that depends on a single industry is also fragile, as every tourist city discovered in 2020, when the visitors suddenly disappeared.
A city is not a theme park, and its residents are not part of the scenery. Setting limits is not a sign of hostility towards visitors; it is a way of making sure that there will still be a real city for them to visit. Protect the bakery, and the tourists will still come.
Exercices
Exercice 1
What is Marta's main claim?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : B Cities should limit tourism so that they remain real places for people to live in.
Corrigé :
Setting limits … is a way of making sure that there will still be a real city for them to visit. היא לא נגד תיירים — היא בעד גבולות.
Exercice 2
Why does Marta begin with the story of the bakery?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : C To give a small personal example of a much larger change.
Corrigé :
That small change sums up what has happened to many of Europe's most beautiful cities — הדוגמה הקטנה מייצגת תהליך גדול.
Exercice 3
נכון או לא נכון לפי הטקסט? אחר כך, המשפט מהטקסט שמוכיח. Marta is against all tourists.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : Faux · “I am not against tourists”
Corrigé :
Let me be clear: I am not against tourists. הבעיה לדבריה היא ה־scale, הכמות.
Votre enfant a-t-il compris ?
Sur elev, chaque exercice est corrigé dès qu'il répond, et un indice arrive au moment où il bloque.
Pratiquer sur elevExercice 4
נכון או לא נכון לפי הטקסט? אחר כך, המשפט מהטקסט שמוכיח. Most visitors come to Barcelona at the same time of year.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : Vrai · “during the same summer months”
Corrigé :
most of them in the same few neighbourhoods during the same summer months.
Exercice 5
נכון או לא נכון לפי הטקסט? אחר כך, המשפט מהטקסט שמוכיח. Barcelona plans to give more licences to tourist apartments.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : Faux · “it would stop renewing licences for tourist apartments by 2028”
Corrigé :
העירייה הודיעה שתפסיק לחדש את הרישיונות עד 2028 — ההפך מלתת עוד.
Exercice 6
In paragraph 3, what does "this" refer to in "Many people outside Barcelona called this extreme"?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : B The city's decision to stop renewing licences for tourist apartments.
Corrigé :
המשפט הקודם: the city announced that it would stop renewing licences for tourist apartments by 2028.
Exercice 7
Marta says the decision "seemed overdue". What does she mean?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : B It should have happened a long time ago.
Corrigé :
overdue — מאחר, היה צריך לקרות מזמן. לתושבים שלא יכולים לגור בעיר, ההחלטה הגיעה מאוחר מדי.
Exercice 8
לפי פסקה 3: איך תיירות פוגעת בדיור? מה הסדר?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : An apartment can earn more from holiday rentals. · Owners rent their apartments to tourists. · Rents rise. · Young people move to the suburbs. · Neighbours are replaced by strangers with suitcases.
Corrigé :
owners make the obvious choice. Rents rise, young people move to the suburbs, and neighbours are replaced by strangers with suitcases.
Exercice 9
מיון: עובדה או דעה?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : Venice began charging some day visitors an entrance fee. — עובדה · Amsterdam stopped approving new hotels. — עובדה · Barcelona is home to about 1.6 million people. — עובדה · Setting limits is not a sign of hostility towards visitors. — דעה · A city is not a theme park. — דעה · These measures are an attempt to keep cities alive. — דעה
Corrigé :
עובדה אפשר לבדוק: שנה, מספר, החלטה של עירייה. דעה היא פרשנות של הכותבת: I see them as…, A city is not a theme park.
Exercice 10
What does Marta mean when she writes that residents "are not part of the scenery"?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : C The people who live in a city are not decoration for visitors; their needs matter.
Corrigé :
scenery היא תפאורה. התושבים הם לא חלק מההצגה לתיירים — הם אנשים שגרים בעיר.
Exercice 11
שאלה פתוחה, באנגלית: According to Marta, what are TWO problems with the jobs that tourism creates?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|Many of the jobs are seasonal and badly paid, and a large share of the profits goes to international companies, not to local families.}}
Corrigé :
many of those jobs are seasonal and badly paid, and a large share of the profits goes to international companies rather than to local families.
Exercice 12
שאלה פתוחה, באנגלית: Why does Marta mention what happened in 2020?
Voir la réponse et le corrigé
Réponse : {{en|To show that an economy that depends only on tourism is fragile: when the visitors suddenly disappeared, tourist cities were in trouble.}}
Corrigé :
An economy that depends on a single industry is also fragile, as every tourist city discovered in 2020, when the visitors suddenly disappeared.