יש לקרוא את הטקסט ולענות על השאלות באנגלית. אפשר לענות במילים שלך, אלא אם השאלה מבקשת להעתיק מהטקסט. אין להשתמש במילון: המילים הקשות מוסברות ברשימת המילים שמתחת לטקסט. חלק C הוא משימת אוצר מילים.
Read the text and answer the questions in English. Answer in your own words if the question does not ask for words from the text. You may NOT use a dictionary; difficult words are explained in the word list under the text. Part C is a vocabulary task.
An interview with marine biologist Dr. Noga Avrahami
Dr. Noga Avrahami has studied sea turtles on Israel's Mediterranean
coast for fifteen years. Gal Peleg, a grade 10 student and a reporter for
our school magazine, spoke to her about her work.
Gal: What made you want to study sea turtles?
Dr. Avrahami: When I was twelve, my family went camping on a beach in
the north. Late at night, I saw a huge turtle come out of the sea and dig a
hole in the sand. She laid about a hundred eggs, covered them and went back
into the water. I couldn't sleep for the rest of the night. I knew then what
I wanted to do with my life.
Gal: Which turtles live in Israel?
Dr. Avrahami: Two species lay their eggs on our beaches: the loggerhead
turtle and the green turtle. Both are endangered. The females come to the
beach between May and August, and the babies hatch about seven or eight
weeks later.
Gal: Is it true that the temperature of the sand decides whether a baby
turtle will be male or female?
Dr. Avrahami: Yes, it's one of the most amazing facts about turtles.
Warm sand produces more females, and cooler sand produces more males. That's
why climate change worries us so much. If our beaches become too hot, almost
all the babies may be female.
Gal: What other dangers do turtles face?
Dr. Avrahami: The biggest danger is people. Loggerhead turtles eat
jellyfish, and a plastic bag floating in the water looks exactly like a
jellyfish. Every year we find turtles that have died after swallowing
plastic. Bright lights are another problem. Baby turtles find the sea by
moving towards the brightest part of the sky, which is usually over the
water. The lights of cafés and roads can lead them in the wrong direction.
Gal: What can teenagers do to help?
Dr. Avrahami: Quite a lot! Pick up plastic when you go to the beach,
even if it isn't yours. Never touch a nest or a baby turtle. If you find a
turtle that is hurt, call the Nature and Parks Authority. And every summer
we need volunteers to guard the nests at night. It's hard work, but watching
a hundred babies run to the sea is something you never forget.
תרגילים
Part A — Reading Comprehension
תרגיל 1
Who is Gal Peleg? Choose the correct answer. (lines 1–3)
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: ד a student who writes for a school magazine
תרגיל 2
What experience made Dr. Avrahami decide to study sea turtles? (lines 5–9)
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|When she was twelve, on a family camping trip, she saw a huge turtle come out of the sea at night, dig a hole in the sand and lay about a hundred eggs.}}
תרגיל 3
Complete the fact file about sea turtles in Israel. (lines 11–14)
Columns: Fact | Information from the interview
The two species that lay eggs in Israel — the loggerhead turtle and ____
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: The two species that lay eggs in Israel — the loggerhead turtle and the green turtle
תרגיל 4
Complete the fact file about sea turtles in Israel. (lines 11–14)
Columns: Fact | Information from the interview
Their situation — ____
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: Their situation — they are endangered
תרגיל 5
Complete the fact file about sea turtles in Israel. (lines 11–14)
Columns: Fact | Information from the interview
When the females come to the beach — ___
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|between May and August}}
תרגיל 6
Complete the fact file about sea turtles in Israel. (lines 11–14)
Columns: Fact | Information from the interview
When the babies hatch — ___
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|about seven or eight weeks later}}
תרגיל 7
The temperature of the sand influences whether baby turtles are male or female.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: נכון · “Warm sand produces more females, and cooler sand produces more males”
תרגיל 8
Dr. Avrahami is worried that climate change may lead to more male turtles.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: לא נכון · “almost all the babies may be female”
תרגיל 9
Green turtles are not in danger.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: לא נכון · “Both are endangered”
תרגיל 10
Explain how each of these is dangerous to turtles. (lines 22–27)
plastic bags
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|Loggerhead turtles eat jellyfish, and a floating plastic bag looks like a jellyfish, so turtles swallow plastic and die.}}
תרגיל 11
Explain how each of these is dangerous to turtles. (lines 22–27)
bright lights
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|Baby turtles find the sea by moving towards the brightest part of the sky; the lights of cafés and roads lead them in the wrong direction (away from the sea).}}
תרגיל 12
What do the following words refer to?
“them” (line 7) refers to ___
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|the (turtle's) eggs}}
תרגיל 13
What do the following words refer to?
“them” (line 27) refers to ___
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|baby turtles}}
תרגיל 14
Complete Dr. Avrahami's advice. (lines 29–31)
When you go to the beach, ____, even if it isn't yours.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: When you go to the beach, pick up plastic, even if it isn't yours.
תרגיל 15
Complete Dr. Avrahami's advice. (lines 29–31)
If you find a turtle that is hurt, ___.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|call the Nature and Parks Authority}}
תרגיל 16
Dr. Avrahami ends by saying that watching baby turtles run to the sea "is something you never forget."
What does this show about her feelings towards her work?
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|She loves her work / is excited and moved by it even after fifteen years; it is a special, emotional experience.}}
תרגיל 17
Dr. Avrahami ends by saying that watching baby turtles run to the sea "is something you never forget."
Would you like to volunteer to guard turtle nests? Give TWO reasons.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: {{en|Personal answer: yes/no with two reasons that fit the question, for example I love animals and want to protect them; but it is hard to stay awake at night + clear English.}}
Part C — Vocabulary
תרגיל 18
Choose the answer closest in meaning to the word in the text. “produces” (line 18)
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: ג results in
תרגיל 19
Choose the answer closest in meaning to the word in the text. “guard” (line 32)
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: ג protect
תרגיל 20
Complete the sentences with words from the box. There are two extra words.
Words: pollution · habitat · rescue · survive · border
Many beaches suffer from ____: plastic, oil and other rubbish.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: Many beaches suffer from pollution: plastic, oil and other rubbish.
תרגיל 21
Complete the sentences with words from the box. There are two extra words.
Words: pollution · habitat · rescue · survive · border
When their natural ____ is destroyed, animals have nowhere to live.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: When their natural habitat is destroyed, animals have nowhere to live.
תרגיל 22
Complete the sentences with words from the box. There are two extra words.
Words: pollution · habitat · rescue · survive · border
Volunteers came to ____ a dolphin that was stuck on the beach.
להציג את התשובה והפתרון
התשובה: Volunteers came to rescue a dolphin that was stuck on the beach.