Le troisième conditionnel : If they had kept the road…

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בכתבה: If Noam's bus stop had been designed with people in mind, he would have waited in the shade. האם נועם חיכה בצל?

Voir la réponse et le corrigé

לא. הכותב מדמיין עבר אחר — מה היה קורה אילו. בשביל עבר דמיוני משתמשים ב״תנאי השלישי״ — third conditional.

מילים ביחידה: conditional — משפט תנאי. past participle — הצורה השלישית של הפועל. planner — מתכנן/ת ערים. bike — אופניים.

המבנה

If + had + צורה שלישית, would have + צורה שלישית.

If we had left earlier, we would have caught the train. — אילו יצאנו מוקדם יותר, היינו מספיקים להגיע לרכבת. (לא יצאנו מוקדם, ולא הספקנו.)

If the city had planted trees, the street would have been cooler. — אילו העירייה הייתה שותלת עצים…

התנאי השלישי מדבר על עבר שאי אפשר לשנות: חרטה, ביקורת או דמיון.

הצורה השלישית (past participle): go – went – gone, take – took – taken, see – saw – seen, build – built – built. בפעלים רגילים היא כמו העבר: plant – planted – planted. בדיבור מקצרים: I'd have, wouldn't have.

Essayez ici

Un exercice de la leçon, corrigé sur le moment : c’est ainsi que fonctionne chaque exercice sur elev.

איזה משפט נכון?

תנאי שני ותנאי שלישי, זה לצד זה

תנאי שני — הווה דמיוני: If I had a bike, I would ride to school. (אין לי.)

תנאי שלישי — עבר דמיוני: If I had had a bike yesterday, I would have ridden to school. (אתמול לא היה לי.)

טעות נפוצה: לשים would have גם בחלק של ה־if.

✗ If I would have known, I would have come.

✓ If I had known, I would have come.

אחרי if בא had + צורה שלישית: had known.

Exercices

Exercice 1

איזו צורה של הפועל leave מתאימה? (שתי מילים)

If we ____ earlier, we would have caught the bus.

Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : If we had left earlier, we would have caught the bus.

Corrigé :

had + הצורה השלישית של leave: had left.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 1

Exercice 2

איזו צורה של הפועל be מתאימה? (שלוש מילים)

If the city had planted trees, the street ____ cooler.

Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : If the city had planted trees, the street would have been cooler.

Corrigé :

would have + הצורה השלישית של be: would have been.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 2

Exercice 3

איזו צורה של הפועל see מתאימה? (שלוש מילים)

If you had come to the park, you ____ the new playground.

Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : If you had come to the park, you would have seen the new playground.

Corrigé :

see – saw – seen: would have seen.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 3

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Exercice 4

איזו צורה של הפועל know מתאימה? (שתי מילים)

If I ____ about the traffic, I would have taken the train.

Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : If I had known about the traffic, I would have taken the train.

Corrigé :

know – knew – known: אחרי if — had known.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 4

Exercice 5

איזה משפט נכון?

  1. AIf they built a park, children would have played there.
  2. BIf they had built a park, children would played there.
  3. CIf they would have built a park, children would have played there.
  4. DIf they had built a park, children would have played there.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : D If they had built a park, children would have played there.

Corrigé :

had built אחרי if, ו־would have played בחלק השני.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 5

Exercice 6

מה המשפט If the planners had kept the road, the area would have stayed noisy מלמד?

  1. AThe planners will keep the road next year.
  2. BThe planners kept the road, and the area is noisy.
  3. CNobody knows what happened to the road.
  4. DThe planners took the road down, and the area did not stay noisy.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : D The planners took the road down, and the area did not stay noisy.

Corrigé :

התנאי השלישי מתאר את ההפך ממה שקרה: הכביש לא נשאר, ולכן האזור לא נשאר רועש.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 6

Exercice 7

דנה איחרה למבחן כי האוטובוס נתקע בפקק. איזה משפט מתאר את זה נכון?

  1. AIf the bus doesn't get stuck in traffic, Dana won't be late.
  2. BIf the bus had got stuck in traffic, Dana would have been late.
  3. CIf the bus hadn't got stuck in traffic, Dana wouldn't have been late.
  4. DIf the bus didn't get stuck in traffic, Dana wouldn't be late.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : C If the bus hadn't got stuck in traffic, Dana wouldn't have been late.

Corrigé :

מדובר בעבר שכבר קרה, ולכן תנאי שלישי, בשלילה: hadn't got stuck … wouldn't have been late.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 7

Exercice 8

משפט אחד שגוי — איזה?

If I had studied, I would have passed the test.

If it hadn't rained, we would have gone to the beach.

If she would have asked me, I would have helped her.

We wouldn't have got lost if we had used a map.

Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : If she would have asked me, I would have helped her. → If she had asked me, I would have helped her.

Corrigé :

אחרי if כותבים had asked, לא would have asked.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 8

Exercice 9

תנאי שני (הווה דמיוני) או תנאי שלישי (עבר דמיוני)?

  • Second conditional
  • Third conditional
  • If I had seen you, I would have said hello.
  • If I knew the answer, I would tell you.
  • If I lived in the city, I would walk to work.
  • If the train had come, we wouldn't have walked.
  • If there were more parks, people would be happier.
  • If they had asked us, we would have agreed.
Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : If I lived in the city, I would walk to work. — Second conditional · If there were more parks, people would be happier. — Second conditional · If I knew the answer, I would tell you. — Second conditional · If I had seen you, I would have said hello. — Third conditional · If the train had come, we wouldn't have walked. — Third conditional · If they had asked us, we would have agreed. — Third conditional

Corrigé :

would + פועל בסיס — תנאי שני. had + צורה שלישית ו־would have — תנאי שלישי.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 9

Exercice 10

סידור המילים למשפט נכון

  • arrived
  • had
  • have
  • If
  • on
  • taken
  • the
  • time
  • train,
  • we
  • we
  • would
Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : If · we · had · taken · the · train, · we · would · have · arrived · on · time

Corrigé :

If we had taken the train, we would have arrived on time.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 10

Exercice 11

התאמה: כל פועל והצורה השלישית שלו

  • build
  • take
  • go
  • choose
  • write
  • built
  • chosen
  • gone
  • taken
  • written
Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : build — built · take — taken · go — gone · choose — chosen · write — written

Corrigé :

את הצורות הלא רגילות זוכרים בעל פה: build – built – built, take – took – taken, go – went – gone, choose – chose – chosen, write – wrote – written.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 11

Exercice 12

איזו צורה של הפועל wait מתאימה? (שלוש מילים)

If there had been a tree at the bus stop, Noam ____ in the shade.

Voir la réponse et le corrigé

Réponse : If there had been a tree at the bus stop, Noam would have waited in the shade.

Corrigé :

would have + waited: עבר דמיוני — בפועל הוא חיכה בשמש.

Vérifier la réponse sur elev — Exercice 12

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Cette leçon fait partie de l’abonnement. Un chapitre entier gratuit : Technique algébrique